Bee

A rather different source of information on the evolution of insects is provided by analysis of DNA sequences, which allowed scientists to make educated guesses as to how long ago different evolutionary lineages diverged. Bees first appeared about 130 million years ago (probably very shortly after the first flowers evolved in the Cretaceous period), 50 million years before the first known bee fossil. These studies show a similarity of the DNA in wasps and bees suggesting bees evolved from wasps, which were and remain predators today. These bee fossils were found in the amber deposits of the Baltic region, the oldest known bee in amber is about 80 million years old and is of a type known as a stingless bee. similar to species that live today in South America. These are advanced social bees that live in vast colonies (even when they are solitary their nests are close to each other (remind you of any group of beings?), so it is a pretty good guess that the earliest bees were on the wing long before this. Over the millennia, bees have adapted to feeding on flowers in various ways. Many species have become hairy, which helps them to brush pollen from flowers, and also to hold it in flight.

They are a monophyletic lineage within the superfamily Apoidea, with over 20,000 known species in seven recognised biological families. Bees are found on every continent, with different species adapting to various environments and ecosystems.

Bees are known for their remarkable ability to overcome obstacles and thrive in challenging environments. As such, they are often seen as a symbol of perseverance and determination. In many cultures, bees are revered for their importance in pollination and honey production, playing a crucial role in many ecosystems maintaining the balance of their environments. The western honey bee, for example, is known for its role in producing honey, which is a valuable food source for humans (when you look at the evidence, that honey really should be left for them). Bumblebees, on the other hand, are important pollinators of many crops, including tomatoes, blueberries and avocados. While others are specialised to collect plant oils and aromatic compounds and contributing to the reproduction of many plant species. Playing a crucial role in our lives and their decline poses a threat to the environment! Unfortunately, bee populations have been declining globally due to habitat loss, intensive farming practices, changes in weather patterns, and the excessive use of agrochemicals such as pesticides.

In recognition of the importance of bees, the International Union for Conservation of Nature set up the Bumblebee Specialist Group to review the threat status of all bumblebee species worldwide. This group uses the IUCN Red List criteria to assess the conservation status of these species and develop strategies for their conservation.

In many cultures, the queen bee is seen as a symbol of femininity, power, and strength. She is often associated with the divine feminine and is revered for her role in the hive.

In some African cultures, bees are believed to have healing properties and are used in traditional medicine.

Some indigenous nations of North America herald bees as messengers that cross between natural and spiritual realms, connecting the human world and the divine. (*While you may have heard the term 'spirit animal' used before, it’s a harmful stereotype that didn’t even originate from indigenous nations.)

In Hinduism, bees are considered sacred, symbolising purity and spiritual awakening.

In Buddhism, bees are often depicted as messengers between the spiritual and physical worlds.

In Celtic culture, bees are seen as divine messengers between the physical and spiritual realms. They believed that bees could communicate with the gods and goddesses, and their honey was considered a sacred offering.

In Chinese culture, bees are considered a symbol of good luck, prosperity, and longevity. They are often depicted in art and literature as a symbol of industry and hard work.

In ancient Greece, the bee was associated with the goddess Potnia, who governed nature and fertility. Similarly, in ancient Egypt, bees were linked with the goddess Neith, who represented creation and wisdom. In many cultures, bees are seen as a symbol of fertility, abundance, and prosperity.

In Saxon mythology, bees were considered winged messengers between worlds.

In Egyptian mythology, bees were associated with the soul (Ka) and were believed to deliver messages from the gods.

In Ancient Egyptian mythology, bees were linked to the sun god Ra and were believed to have emerged from his tears. Bees were also associated with the goddess Auset, representing rebirth and regeneration.

In Hindu mythology, Bhrami is the goddess of bees and represents the dynamic interplay between the divine and the natural world and the interconnectedness of all living things.

Bees have been featured in various folklores and mythologies, often symbolising life’s rewards and dangers. They are often depicted as tricksters, thieves, or messengers, highlighting their complex and multifaceted nature.

In conclusion, bee symbolism is a rich and diverse topic that transcends cultures and traditions. From ancient myths to modern symbolism, bees have been revered, feared, and celebrated for their remarkable social structure, industry, and importance in pollination.